What follows is an incomplete but ever-growing list of various modern philosophers together with helpful web resources.  Hopefully you will find it useful. . .

• Rene Descartes (1596-1650)

Meditations online (also here)
Descartes' epistemology, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes' ethics, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes' Life and Works, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes:  Modal Metaphysics, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes:  Ontological Argument, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes' Physics, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Descartes and the pineal gland, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• Blaise Pascal (1623-1662)

Pascal's Wager, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677)

Study Spinoziana
Spinoza, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Spinoza's Psychological Theory, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715)
 
Nicolas Malebranche, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Malebranche's Theory of Ideas and Vision in God, from SEP

• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716)

Leibniz on causation, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Leibniz's Ethics, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Leibniz on the Problem of Evil, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Leibniz on the Mind, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 
The Leibniz Page

• Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
 
Hobbes' Moral and Political Philosophy, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


• John Locke (1632-1704)

Locke's Essay
John Locke, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• George Berkeley (1685-1753)

Berkeley Studies

• Thomas Reid (1710-1796)
 
Thomas Reid, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


• David Hume (1711-1776)

David Hume, from SEP
Hume's Aesthetics, from SEP
Hume's Moral Philosophy, from SEP
The Leeds Hume Project
A Study Guide for Hume's Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

• Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
  

• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831)
 
Hegel, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


• John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
 
John Stuart Mill, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


• Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
 
Kierkegaard, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy


• Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900)

Friedrich Nietzsche, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Nietzsche's Moral and Political Philosophy, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• William James (1842-1910)

William James, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• Gottlob Frege (1848-1945)
  

Gottlob Frege, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

• Miscellaneous other links

• Scottish Philosophy in the 18th Century. . .  The 19th century. . .  both from SEP
• Notes on the Women Philosophers of the 17th and 18th Centuries
• History of Western Philosophy from 1492 to 1776
• Jonathan Bennett's "readable" translations of modern philosophical texts
• Stephen Darwall's History of Modern Ethics

• Jensen's Ancient and Medieval Philosophy links

• Jensen's General links

• Jensen's Home Page