Seventh Sunday in Pentecost                                                                                  

3 July 2005                                                                                                                

St. George’s Episcopal Church                                                                                  

Le Mars, Iowa                                                                                                          

Fr. Joseph Dunne, Presiding

Dr. Donald Wacome, Lay Preaching

 

 

Zechariah 9.9-12

Psalm 145

Romans 7.21-8.6

Matthew 11.25-30

 

Gentle and Humble in Heart

Come to me, all you that are weary and are carrying heavy burdens, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me; for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. (Matthew 11.28-30)

If you’re like me, you’re about as likely to remember last week’s Gospel lesson as “Car Talk’s” Tom Magliozzi is to remember last week’s ‘puzzler,’ and, when we hear what Jesus says today in Matthew 11, you might suspect he’s forgotten what he said in Chapter 10.  There, sending his disciples out to proclaim the coming of God’s kingdom, Jesus warned them that they would be maligned and persecuted, betrayed and denounced, arrested, interrogated and killed.  But now he says, “My yoke is easy, and my burden is light” (12.30). If being hated by everyone (10.22), flogged in synagogues (10.17), thrown in prison, and being put to death by your children (10.21) is what Jesus thinks of as an easy yoke, a light burden, we can only wonder what he’d consider a hard yoke, a heavy burden!

In fact, the longer we look at today’s passage in the context Mathew creates for it, the harder it is to understand Jesus’ words.  In the passage I want to focus on, he describes himself as “gentle and humble in heart,” which doesn’t seem to fit very well with last week’s “Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword” (10.34). It fits no better with the passage that comes right before today’s lesson (11.16-24). There Jesus threatens the towns which have not accepted him and welcomed the good news of the arrival of God’s kingdom, warning them that they face obliteration unless they repent: “On the day of judgment it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom than for you!” (11.24).

For that matter, it’s not obvious how to square Jesus’ description of himself as “gentle and humble in heart” with the portrayal in the Gospels of a character who lived rough, consorted with some pretty tough characters, spoke to huge crowds without benefit of a sound system, berated his followers, bluntly confronted the powerful and finally goaded them into killing him as a blaspheming insurrectionist.  (I was once party to a discussion in which everyone went on at length describing a colleague, a sweet, unassuming, and diffident fellow beloved by all, as “Christ like;” at last, exasperated by the facile equation of being like Jesus with being nice, I asked when he was going to annoy us so much that we’d crucify him.)

 I don’t think that when Jesus describes himself as humble and gentle that he’s telling us that he’s really a nice guy, after all.  I think instead that he’s saying something absolutely crucial about the kingdom of God, but to get hold of it we need more context than the lectionary gives us.  Earlier in the chapter from which today’s lesson comes Jesus is speaking to the crowds about John the Baptist. John is in prison, put there by Herod Antipas, king of a region that includes Galilee.  Herod is a Jew, but he reigns at the pleasure of the Romans, and it is them, not Israel or Israel’s God he serves.  John is in trouble with Herod because he spoke out against his current marital arrangements.  Herod divorced his wife to marry the ex-wife of his stepbrother, a woman named Herodias. As it happened, she was also the daughter of another stepbrother and thus Herod’s niece.  (A series based on these people probably will appear on the Fox network.) The purity code of first century Judaism prohibited neither divorce, nor marriage to a brother’s ex, nor to a niece, but apparently by managing to do all at once King Herod made the devout pretty queasy.  And no doubt this was just the specific issue that had behind it a host of deeper reasons why this so inflamed the pious. (Replace Herod Antipas with Bill Clinton and Herodias with Monica Lewinsky: the sex thing was simply the last straw for those hated him anyway.)  Herod and his hanky-panky was an obvious target for anyone concerned with the ritual purification and political liberation of Israel. This stooge of the Romans personified the outrage of the defiling bondage of God’s people to the pagan occupiers. 

With that background, consider this notoriously unclear passage (verses 9 through 12 of Chapter 11.) Jesus says:

What then did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I tell you, and more than a prophet. This is the one about whom it is written, “See, I am sending my messenger ahead of you, who will prepare your way before you.” Truly I tell you, among those born of women no one has arisen greater than John the Baptist; yet the least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. From the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven has suffered violence, and the violent take it by force.

Commentators have come up with a variety of interpretations of what Jesus means here, but I want to suggest that when he speaks of those who attempt to take the kingdom of God by force, and to do it violence, he’s talking about those who thought they were doing God’s work by fomenting armed insurrection against the Roman occupation.   So far as anyone knows, John was not a zealot; he did not instigate an insurgency against the empire or its client regimes.  Nonetheless, it seems to me that Jesus, after honoring John, describing him as greater than a prophet, as the one who prepares the way for the Messiah himself, here decisively rejects John’s understanding of God and his kingdom.  When he describes himself as gentle and humble, he’s saying he is radically different than John.

For, while John does not call upon the faithful to take up swords to drive out the oppressor and purify the land in preparation for the coming of God, he is not essentially different from those who do.  Jesus was willing to be baptized by John, to endorse his call for the nation to repent and prepare itself for its long-delayed deliverance, but he will not accept John’s ultimate assumptions about the character and purposes of the God who comes to redeem Israel.  John’s suicidal attack on Herod makes sense in religious, ethical, political terms; it makes sense for those who see Israel’s vocation as a matter of repairing and strengthening the wall of division that separates pure Israel from unclean gentile, and, within Israel, as a matter of more rigorously adhering to ritual purity and making outcasts of those who don’t.  Herod, the Romans he serves, and the many within Israel who fall short of full fidelity to the torah, are the enemies of Israel, and of God. 

Thus the kingdom John envisions—and for which he dies—is completely at odds with the kingdom Jesus embodies.  For the kingdom of Jesus is one in which Israel is not closed off, the pure and elect people over against the dirty and rejected gentiles, but open to them, giving itself for them, a chosen people of kings and priests, a light to the nations, welcoming them all and sundry into the limitless reign of a gracious God.  Where John, and almost all his contemporaries, excluded, Jesus embraced. Where they condemned, Jesus forgave. They said repentance and baptism must come first, before acceptance. Jesus accepted indiscriminately, and pointed to repentance and baptism as signs of gratitude. They sought to restore Israel by keeping people out; Jesus threw open the doors and announced the unstinting grace of God. They sought justice, a plausible, but ultimately death-dealing, righteousness, but it is Jesus, eating and drinking with sinners, who is God’s improbable and risky righteousness made flesh.  In Jesus God humbles himself on behalf of all who are weak and unworthy.  Jesus decisively contrasts who he is with who John was: “I am gentle and humble in heart.”

What about that terrible warning to the towns that reject the good news of the coming kingdom? The trajectory of John’s attempt to “take the kingdom of heaven by force” is evident; he winds up with his head on a platter.  The same fate awaits the nation as a whole if it persists in imagining it can overcome power with power, rather than with love, if it does not accept the good news, if it does not acknowledge Jesus as God’s anointed. Again and again Jesus warns Israel that it is on a doomed path, that it has reached a critical juncture where it can turn to God and be saved, or face judgment. Its hostile resistance to Rome can end only in disaster.  Those who reject Jesus’ way of forgiveness and reconciliation can look forward only to destruction—a prophecy tragically fulfilled a generation later, when Israel rose in armed rebellion and the Romans responded with devastating force: the Temple demolished, Jerusalem ruined, the country laid waste.

Still, we’re left wondering how the way of Jesus can be easy, how the burden he asks us to bear can be light. As Jesus himself tells us, we can expect his good news of love and acceptance to encounter hate and rejection. We can expect his command for us to make peace with our enemies to evoke a violent response from those who can be satisfied with nothing but victory over them. 

Beyond that, the truth is that for the likes of us nothing is so unnatural, so contrary to inclination, and in some ways so utterly unbelievable, as that good news.  Inside each of us there’s a hairy, ranting John the Baptist; we’re all too willing to lose our heads for whatever moral or political or religious or whatever ideal we take as too dear to be trumped by God’s love.  There is a sense in which the Christian faith is not difficult; it’s impossible. We will always, one way or another, cling to something other than the grace of God in Jesus to make ourselves whole and acceptable in our own eyes and God’s.  And we will always be ready to see someone else as cut off from God’s grace.

His yoke is easy, his burden is light, not because of what we are able to do for him, not because we can do what he asks, but because he gives so much.  His yoke is easy, his burden is light because he accepts us and our desperately inadequate efforts with unbounded grace. There’s an old story—its provenance is Sufi, not Christian, but we should always be on the lookout for fragments of the good news breaking through in unexpected places—about an old woman who dies and, as she approaches heaven, she worries that she may not be worthy to enter. She fears that her faith has been feeble, her piety inadequate, her good deeds paltry, her motives mixed. But suddenly she sees God, running to welcome her. Embracing her he says, “I made you so small and weak and flawed but you have done so much! I made the stars and planets to obey me. I made the angels and bright sprits to adore me. I made you, I made you to surprise me!  May we take up the burden and put on the yoke that Jesus gives us, confident not in ourselves, but in the endless grace that holds us secure.

Amen.

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